Latex符号大全 · Zero Calorie Drink Shop

Latex符号大全

Operators ¶

Symbol	Command	Symbol	Command	Symbol	Command
$\pm$	`\pm`	$\mp$	`\mp`	$\times$	`\times`
$\div$	`\div`	$\cdot$	`\cdot`	$\ast$	`\ast`
$\star$	`\star`	$\dagger$	`\dagger`	$\ddagger$	`\ddagger`
$\amalg$	`\amalg`	$\cap$	`\cap`	$\cup$	`\cup`
$\uplus$	`\uplus`	$\sqcap$	`\sqcap`	$\sqcup$	`\sqcup`
$\vee$	`\vee`	$\wedge$	`\wedge`	$\oplus$	`\oplus`
$\ominus$	`\ominus`	$\otimes$	`\otimes`	$\circ$	`\circ`
$\bullet$	`\bullet`	$\diamond$	`\diamond`	$\lhd$	`\lhd`
$\rhd$	`\rhd`	$\unlhd$	`\unlhd`	$\unrhd$	`\unrhd`
$\oslash$	`\oslash`	$\odot$	`\odot`	$\bigcirc$	`\bigcirc`
$\triangleleft$	`\triangleleft`	$\Diamond$	`\Diamond`	$\bigtriangleup$	`\bigtriangleup`
$\bigtriangledown$	`\bigtriangledown`	$\Box$	`\Box`	$\triangleright$	`\triangleright`
$\setminus$	`\setminus`	$\wr$	`\wr`	$\sqrt{x}$	`\sqrt{x}`
$x^{\circ}$	`x^{\circ}`	$\triangledown$	`\triangledown`	$\sqrt[n]{x}$	`\sqrt[n]{x}`
$a^x$	`a^x`	$a^{xyz}$	`a^{xyz}`	$a_x$	`a_x`

Relations ¶

Symbol	Command	Symbol	Command	Symbol	Command
$\le$	`\le`	$\ge$	`\ge`	$\neq$	`\neq`
$\sim$	`\sim`	$\ll$	`\ll`	$\gg$	`\gg`
$\doteq$	`\doteq`	$\simeq$	`\simeq`	$\subset$	`\subset`
$\supset$	`\supset`	$\approx$	`\approx`	$\asymp$	`\asymp`
$\subseteq$	`\subseteq`	$\supseteq$	`\supseteq`	$\cong$	`\cong`
$\smile$	`\smile`	$\sqsubset$	`\sqsubset`	$\sqsupset$	`\sqsupset`
$\equiv$	`\equiv`	$\frown$	`\frown`	$\sqsubseteq$	`\sqsubseteq`
$\sqsupseteq$	`\sqsupseteq`	$\propto$	`\propto`	$\bowtie$	`\bowtie`
$\in$	`\in`	$\ni$	`\ni`	$\prec$	`\prec`
$\succ$	`\succ`	$\vdash$	`\vdash`	$\dashv$	`\dashv`
$\preceq$	`\preceq`	$\succeq$	`\succeq`	$\models$	`\models`
$\perp$	`\perp`	$\parallel$	`\parallel`
$\mid$	`\mid`	$\bumpeq$	`\bumpeq`

Negations of many of these relations can be formed by just putting \not before the symbol, or by slipping an “n” between the \ and the word. Here are a couple examples, plus many other negations; it works for many of the many others as well.

Symbol	Command	Symbol	Command	Symbol	Command
$\nmid$	`\nmid`	$\nleq$	`\nleq`	$\ngeq$	`\ngeq`
$\nsim$	`\nsim`	$\ncong$	`\ncong`	$\nparallel$	`\nparallel`
$\not<$	`\not<`	$\not>$	`\not>`	$\not=$	`\not= or \neq or \ne`
$\not\le$	`\not\le`	$\not\ge$	`\not\ge`	$\not\sim$	`\not\sim`
$\not \approx$	`\not\approx`	$\not\cong$	`\not\cong`	$\not\equiv$	`\not\equiv`
$\not\parallel$	`\not\parallel`	$\nless$	`\nless`	$\ngtr$	`\ngtr`
$\lneq$	`\lneq`	$\gneq$	`\gneq`	$\lnsim$	`\lnsim`
$\lneqq$	`\lneqq`	$\gneqq$	`\gneqq`

To use other relations not listed here, such as =, >, and <, in LaTeX, you must use the symbols on your keyboard, as they are not available in $\LaTeX$ .

Greek Letters ¶

Lowercase Letters ¶

Symbol	Command	Symbol	Command	Symbol	Command	Symbol	Command
$\alpha$	`\alpha`	$\beta$	`\beta`	$\gamma$	`\gamma`	$\delta$	`\delta`
$\epsilon$	`\epsilon`	$\varepsilon$	`\varepsilon`	$\zeta$	`\zeta`	$\eta$	`\eta`
$\theta$	`\theta`	$\vartheta$	`\vartheta`	$\iota$	`\iota`	$\kappa$	`\kappa`
$\lambda$	`\lambda`	$\mu$	`\mu`	$\nu$	`\nu`	$\xi$	`\xi`
$\pi$	`\pi`	$\varpi$	`\varpi`	$\rho$	`\rho`	$\varrho$	`\varrho`
$\sigma$	`\sigma`	$\varsigma$	`\varsigma`	$\tau$	`\tau`	$\upsilon$	`\upsilon`
$\phi$	`\phi`	$\varphi$	`\varphi`	$\chi$	`\chi`	$\psi$	`\psi`
$\omega$	`\omega`

Capital Letters ¶

Symbol	Command	Symbol	Command	Symbol	Command	Symbol	Command
$\Gamma$	`\Gamma`	$\Delta$	`\Delta`	$\Theta$	`\Theta`	$\Lambda$	`\Lambda`
$\Xi$	`\Xi`	$\Pi$	`\Pi`	$\Sigma$	`\Sigma`	$\Upsilon$	`\Upsilon`
$\Phi$	`\Phi`	$\Psi$	`\Psi`	$\Omega$	`\Omega`

Arrows ¶

Symbol	Command	Symbol	Command
$\gets$	`\gets`	$\to$	`\to`
$\leftarrow$	`\leftarrow`	$\Leftarrow$	`\Leftarrow`
$\rightarrow$	`\rightarrow`	$\Rightarrow$	`\Rightarrow`
$\leftrightarrow$	`\leftrightarrow`	$\Leftrightarrow$	`\Leftrightarrow`
$\mapsto$	`\mapsto`	$\hookleftarrow$	`\hookleftarrow`
$\leftharpoonup$	`\leftharpoonup`	$\leftharpoondown$	`\leftharpoondown`
$\rightleftharpoons$	`\rightleftharpoons`	$\longleftarrow$	`\longleftarrow`
$\Longleftarrow$	`\Longleftarrow`	$\longrightarrow$	`\longrightarrow`
$\Longrightarrow$	`\Longrightarrow`	$\longleftrightarrow$	`\longleftrightarrow`
$\Longleftrightarrow$	`\Longleftrightarrow`	$\longmapsto$	`\longmapsto`
$\hookrightarrow$	`\hookrightarrow`	$\rightharpoonup$	`\rightharpoonup`
$\rightharpoondown$	`\rightharpoondown`	$\leadsto$	`\leadsto`
$\uparrow$	`\uparrow`	$\Uparrow$	`\Uparrow`
$\downarrow$	`\downarrow`	$\Downarrow$	`\Downarrow`
$\updownarrow$	`\updownarrow`	$\Updownarrow$	`\Updownarrow`
$\nearrow$	`\nearrow`	$\searrow$	`\searrow`
$\swarrow$	`\swarrow`	$\nwarrow$	`\nwarrow`
$\overrightarrow{AB}$	`\overrightarrow{AB}`	$\overleftarrow{AB}$	`\overleftarrow{AB}`
$\overleftrightarrow{AB}$	`\overleftrightarrow{AB}`

(For those of you who hate typing long strings of letters, \iff and \implies can be used in place of \Longleftrightarrow and \Longrightarrow respectively.)

Dots ¶

Symbol	Command	Symbol	Command
$\cdot$	`\cdot`	$\vdots$	`\vdots`
$\dots$	`\dots`	$\ddots$	`\ddots`
$\cdots$	`\cdots`	\iddots	`\iddots`

Accents ¶

Symbol	Command	Symbol	Command	Symbol	Command
$\hat{x}$	`\hat{x}`	$\check{x}$	`\check{x}`	$\dot{x}$	`\dot{x}`
$\breve{x}$	`\breve{x}`	$\acute{x}$	`\acute{x}`	$\ddot{x}$	`\ddot{x}`
$\grave{x}$	`\grave{x}`	$\tilde{x}$	`\tilde{x}`	$\mathring{x}$	`\mathring{x}`
$\bar{x}$	`\bar{x}`	$\vec{x}$	`\vec{x}`

When applying accents to i and j, you can use \imath and \jmath to keep the dots from interfering with the accents:

Symbol	Command	Symbol	Command
$\vec{\jmath}$	`\vec{\jmath}`	$\tilde{\imath}$	`\tilde{\imath}`

\tilde and \hat have wide versions that allow you to accent an expression:

Symbol	Command	Symbol	Command
$\widehat{7+x}$	`\widehat{7+x}`	$\widetilde{abc}$	`\widetilde{abc}`

Others ¶

Symbol	Command	Symbol	Command	Symbol	Command
$\infty$	`\infty`	$\triangle$	`\triangle`	$\angle$	`\angle`
$\aleph$	`\aleph`	$\hbar$	`\hbar`	$\imath$	`\imath`
$\jmath$	`\jmath`	$\ell$	`\ell`	$\wp$	`\wp`
$\Re$	`\Re`	$\Im$	`\Im`	$\mho$	`\mho`
$\prime$	`\prime`	$\emptyset$	`\emptyset`	$\nabla$	`\nabla`
$\surd$	`\surd`	$\partial$	`\partial`	$\top$	`\top`
$\bot$	`\bot`	$\vdash$	`\vdash`	$\dashv$	`\dashv`
$\forall$	`\forall`	$\exists$	`\exists`	$\neg$	`\neg`
$\flat$	`\flat`	$\natural$	`\natural`	$\sharp$	`\sharp`
$\backslash$	`\backslash`	$\Box$	`\Box`	$\Diamond$	`\Diamond`
$\clubsuit$	`\clubsuit`	$\diamondsuit$	`\diamondsuit`	$\heartsuit$	`\heartsuit`
$\spadesuit$	`\spadesuit`	$\Join$	`\Join`	$\blacksquare$	`\blacksquare`
$\diamondsuit$	`\diamondsuit`	$\copyright$	`\copyright`	\underarc{XYZ}	`\underarc{XYZ}`
$\heartsuit$	`\heartsuit`	\overarc{ABC}	`\overarc{ABC}`	$\cup$	`\cup`
$\S$	`\S`	$\P$	`\P`	$\Vdash$	`\Vdash`
$\pounds$	`\pounds`	$\in$	`\in`	$\vDash$	`\vDash`
$\bigstar$	`\bigstar`	$\implies$	`\implies`
$\square$	`\square`
\smiley	`\smiley`
$\mathbb{R}$	`\mathbb{R} (represents all real numbers)`
$\checkmark$	`\checkmark`
\cancer	`\cancer`

Note: \cancer and \overarc{ABC} do not work in the classroom.

Command Symbols ¶

Some symbols are used in commands, so they need to be treated in a special way.

Symbol	Command	Symbol	Command	Symbol	Command	Symbol	Command
\textdollar	`\textdollar or $`	$\&$	`\&`	$\%$	`\%`	$\#$	`\#`
$\_$	`\_`	$\{$	`\{`	$\}$	`\}`	$\backslash$	`\backslash`

(Warning: Using $for$ \textdollar $will result in$ $. This is a bug as far as we know. Depending on the version of$ \LaTeX$ this is not always a problem.)

European Language Symbols ¶

Symbol	Command	Symbol	Command	Symbol	Command	Symbol	Command
{\oe}	{\oe}	{\ae}	{\ae}	{\o}	{\o}
{\OE}	{\OE}	{\AE}	{\AE}	${\AA}$	{\AA}	{\O}	{\O}
{\l}	{\l}	{\ss}	{\ss}	$\text{!`}$	!`
{\L}	{\L}	{\SS}	{\SS}

Bracketing Symbols ¶

In mathematics, sometimes we need to enclose expressions in brackets, braces or parentheses. Some of these work just as you’d imagine in LaTeX; type ( and ) for parentheses, [ and ] for brackets, and | and | for absolute value. However, other symbols have special commands:

Symbol	Command	Symbol	Command	Symbol	Command
$\{$	`\{`	$\}$	`\}`	$\|$	`\|`
$\backslash$	`\backslash`	$\lfloor$	`\lfloor`	$\rfloor$	`\rfloor`
$\lceil$	`\lceil`	$\rceil$	`\rceil`	$\langle$	`\langle`
$\rangle$	`\rangle`

You might notice that if you use any of these to typeset an expression that is vertically large, like

(\frac{a}{x} )^2

the parentheses don’t come out the right size:

$(\frac{a}{x})^2$

If we put \left and \right before the relevant parentheses, we get a prettier expression:

\left(\frac{a}{x} \right)^2

gives

$\left(\frac{a}{x} \right)^2$

For systems of equations or piecewise functions, use the cases environment:

f(x) = \begin{cases} x^2 & x \ge 0 \\ x & x < 0 \end{cases}

which gives

$f(x) = \begin{cases} x^2 & x \ge 0 \\ x & x < 0 \end{cases}$

In addition to the \left and \right commands, when doing floor or ceiling functions with fractions, using \left\lceil\frac{x}{y}\right\rceil and \left\lfloor\frac{x}{y}\right\rfloor

gives both $\left\lceil\frac{x}{y}\right\rceil$ and $\left\lfloor\frac{x}{y}\right\rfloor$ , respectively.

And, if you type this

\underbrace{a_0+a_1+a_2+\cdots+a_n}_{x}

Gives

$\underbrace{a_0+a_1+a_2+\cdots+a_n}_{x}$

\overbrace{a_0+a_1+a_2+\cdots+a_n}^{x}

Gives

$\overbrace{a_0+a_1+a_2+\cdots+a_n}^{x}$

\left and \right can also be used to resize the following symbols:

Symbol	Command	Symbol	Command	Symbol	Command
$\uparrow$	`\uparrow`	$\downarrow$	`\downarrow`	$\updownarrow$	`\updownarrow`
$\Uparrow$	`\Uparrow`	$\Downarrow$	`\Downarrow`	$\Updownarrow$	`\Updownarrow`

Multi-Size Symbols ¶

Some symbols render differently in inline math mode and in display mode. Display mode occurs when you use \[...\] or $$...$$, or environments like
[…]
,

$...$

. Read more in the commands section of the guide about how symbols which take arguments above and below the symbols, such as a summation symbol, behave in the two modes.

In each of the following, the two images show the symbol in display mode, then in inline mode.

\sum

$\sum \textstyle\sum$

\int

$\int \textstyle\int$

\oint

$\oint \textstyle\oint$

\prod

$\prod \textstyle\prod$

\coprod

$\coprod \textstyle\coprod$

\bigcap

$\bigcap \textstyle\bigcap$

\bigcup

$\bigcup \textstyle\bigcup$

\bigsqcup

$\bigsqcup \textstyle\bigsqcup$

\bigvee

$\bigvee \textstyle\bigvee$

\bigwedge

$\bigwedge \textstyle\bigwedge$

\bigodot

$\bigodot \textstyle\bigodot$

\bigotimes

$\bigotimes \textstyle\bigotimes$

\bigoplus

$\bigoplus \textstyle\bigoplus$

\biguplus

$\biguplus \textstyle\biguplus$